Oscillator system



Dec. 14, 1954 D, 5, 1115 r 2,697,171

OSCILLATOR SYSTEM Filed April 7, 1950 Repetition Rate 2 o A B AI l E 1 Time Fig.2. 19 790 Normul Echoes False Echoes Normal Echoes WITNESSES:

INVENTORS Donald G. Lime 8: @444 David R. Tcshjion.

ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice 2,697,171

Patented Dec. 14, 1954 2,697,171 able triggering or switching mechanismk may be arsed for d h the ul e formi networ '11. T u e OSCILLATOR SYSTEM 18c argmg p ng e s ing 3 of an iron core pulse transformer 33. A degg g f ig igg gggg i i fi g ggg$gfij spiking clrcuit comprising a serially connected resist- Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania secondary winding of the pulse transformer comprises Apphcatwn 1950 Sena] 1545 two coils 41 and 43. The upper end of the secondary 2 (313mm (CL 250 36) coil 41 is connected to the cathode 47 of a magnetron tube 45, and the upper end of the secondary coil 43 is connected to the filament 49 of the magnetron tube This invention relates to oscillator systems, and more The lower ends of the cons 41 and 43 are connected particularly t 0 an oscillator system for use in a pulse as by taps 51 and 53 across the ends of the secondary type radar system, which oscillator system comprises a 57 of a filament transfprmer The l 59 of the diode of the magnetron type filament transformer is connected to a suitable source It is an Object of our invention to provide an in? of 60-cycle alternating current power. The anode 61 proved magnetron oscillator System of t e magnetron 45 is connected to ground at 63. The

n a conventional magnetron oscillator system, a pulse output from i gp i be Connected $9 an forming network is charged through an isolating or chargantenna or 0t t latmg evlce y some convemlonal ing impedance from some Suitable Source of mea1zs7such as indicated by the reference characters 65 1 e f 'n et a an gi g f z gg g ggi f? igig i jgg i A parallel-connected resistance 71 and capacitance 73 trigger device or electronic Switch is provided for is connected between the center tap 75 of the secondary riodically causing the pulse forming network to dis- 57 of the filament ttansformer 55 and ground at Charg through the primary windi of h Dulse trans hen the pulse formin network 11 discharges through ormer The Wave form of the Output from the pulse the primary wlnding of the pulse transformer 33 1t forming network 18 of such shape as to Induce m the 30 induces in the secondary windings 41 and 43 of the puls secondary of the pulse transformer 21 main pulse which transformer 33 a neganve gem m puls? Whlch has usually has a flat to 1S mam pulse is usually of ah at ti p allild 1S relatively short in duration of time s ort duration, during which time it causes the magnetron g 51 2 1 g g g f i g i gg g fi 79 m to oscillate vigorously in a steady state However, after o 4 h pp 1 0 6 ca 0 e 0 e ma e mam pulse 18 removed, the Secondary of the pulse a) ne ran 25 cfautsesdt e magnetron 45 to oscillate vigorously transformer will continue to oscillate feebly until the f 0 t e tawlilg IS a graph luustratmg the oscillations damp themselves out. These feeble oscillaa Ion o a convepnona magnetrqn pscluator Sy-Stem which tions Sometimes continue almost until the next main possesses undesirable characteristics not attributable to our oscillator system. In such conventional systems pulse is applied. These feeble oscillations are often I strong enough to cause the magnetron oscillate, and when the main pulse 79 18 applied to the cathode 47 of Consequently are very objectionable m a pulse type the inagnetrofn 45, the magnetron oscillates vigorously ra ar system since they cause false targets or echoes or e tune mm A to owever that Secondary of the to pp on the radar indicating device. pulse transformer 33 continues to oscillate feebly from It is an object to provide an improved oscillator system g mam pulse 79 has been {emoved' .These which overcomes the objections mentioned in the fore- 66 e oscl anons far enough negatlv-e at points D going conventional systems. and E to cause the magnetron 45 to oscillate after the Itois a f h object to provide an improved mag inam pulse is removed. These feeble oscillations may netron oscillator system which will not oscillate strong z rF mam puI-se ls applied the enough, or with enough magnitude after the main pulse neuron Is 6 aracten-sue 1s Vfary objectionable i is removed to cause false echoes conventional magnetron oscillators since, when the oscil- It is a still further object to provide an improved anons 00 negative as mdlcated at D and these neg main pulse is removed. These false targets tend to clutter up the face of the in- These and other objects are effected by our invention claims taken in accordance with the accom an in drawe e lminaie the Objectionable charactemtlcs ing forming a part of the application in .5 g scribed above in our OSCIHEUIOI system by prov1d1ng the Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetron Oscfl parallel-connected resistance 71 and capacitance 73 conlator system employing our invention; niectid between the center tap 75 of the secondary 57 Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating undesirable operating a 23 5 2 gg f and pomt characteristics of a magnetron oscillator system which n magne ron am 6 current flows twork comprising the resistance 71 and the cond Fig. 3 is the face of a radar indicator illustrating how He i enser false echoes or targets will be caused by the undesirable to the cathode of the magnetron The network operating characteristics illustrated in Fig. 2; and, g i g gsg g and capalclitance 73 Pm Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating desirable operating charev t 2 mg i i Cat 47 Wh1 Ch acteristics of a system employing our invention if i i oscluatlllons from gomg f f Referring to the drawing in detail, in Fig 1 we show p n 0 cause t e magnetron 45 q a magnetron oscillator system for use with pulse-type 70 late the mam pulse 79 has been removed 5 e main pulse 79 is applied to the anode, current starts charging impedance 17 and a diode 19. The pulse form- 7 fl i 0 h 1 ing network 11 is discharged by an electronic switch or L rough he resstnce 71 provides a p a thyratron tube 21 having a plate 27, a cathode 29 and 80 cient bias maintained on the cathode 47 to prevent the a grid 31 for triggering the pulse forming network 11 points D and E of the feeble oscillations w 3 in the secondary of the pulse transformer 33 after the network, means for intermittently charging and dismaln pulse 19- has been removed therefrom, from going charging said pulse forming network, a pulse transformer negative and causing the magnetron 45 to oscillate. As for forming the output from said pulse network into a seen from Fig. 4, shortly after the bias reaches zero short duration main pulse, said pulse transformer comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding, means d the magn tron 4,5 again oscillates connecting said primary winding to said pulse forming an th r ne ativ g in man noise rams. armed to h ma e ron i5, an. 7.

vigorously. from p ts, A to, B This process, 1s renetwork, a magnetron comprising at least a cathode and peated at therepetmonrate at which mainjpulses 7-9zare an anode, means connecting said secondary to said applied; tothe magnetron-35. cathode, a filament transformer comprising a primary 1t is'seejn, that, incursvstcm since the points D and E 10 Winding and a secondary winding, means connecting said (Fig. 4), never go negative, as in the prior art; magnetron secondary winding of said filament transformer to said oscillator. systems, false, echoes or targets, are not produced secondary winding of said pulse transformer, and a. bias on the face of-the,ind ieatingdevice. network connected between said anode and a center tap In a praetical system, for almost constant direct curon the secondary winding of said filament transformer rent bias, the value, of; the resistance' 7,1; multiplied by 5 so that magnetron anode current flow through said netthe, ayerage, magnetron direct current she-11d equal the, work provides a bias which prevents said magnetron bias. voltage desired, and the value. of the. capacitance from oscillating after said main pulse has been removed. 73 should he such that the. time, constant RC is; several 2. In a magnetron oscillator system, a pulse forming times the period. of; the. main, pulse repetition rate. network, means for intermittently. charging and discharg- With our system the ma imllm. voltage on, the magneing said pulse network, a pulse transformer for forming tron 451 at point G; (Pi 4) is less than it was in a the output from said pulse forming network into a short eonventionalmag'netron, oscillator system (:Fig. 2) by; the duration main pulse, said pulseforming transformer comamount of the added; positive. bias. Since the necessary prising a primary winding and a pair of secondary windbias to suppresspoints Qand E (Eig, 4) is about 3%, of ings, a magnetron comprising a, cathode, an anode, and the peak pulse voltage, this reduction in maximum v,olt-. 25 a filament, means connecting one end of one of saidpulse age applied to thernagnetron 45;is,not practically serious. transformer secondary windings tov said filament and. the

The, bias arrangement provided, by, our system also corresponding end of said, other secondary. winding of minimizes false echoes or targets due to surges or. oscil said pulse transformer to said, cathode, a. filamenttranslat-ions causedby mismatchofthe pulse formingnetwork former comprising a primary winding. and a. secondary, 1 1 to the. rinse-transformer 3'3 and magnetron, 45: 3O winding, means connecting,saidsecondary. winding ofsaid' It is seen that our inventionhasiprovided an improved filament transformer across thefree, ends of said secondmagnetrorr. oscillator system, in which. the magnetron is ary winding of said pulse transformer, a. bias. networ biased to prevent, feebleoscill'ations whichappeanin the comprising a parallel-connected resistor. and capacitor, pulse transformer, after themain pulsehas been removed means connecting saidbias network between acenter. tap. therefrom from. causingT'the. magnetronto oscillate dur- 35 on; the secondary of said filament. transformer and. said ing the im e ween 1hr; application,- ofmain pulses anode so that magnetron anode current flow through said thereto. Thisprevents'false echoes or-targets fromapbias network provides a 'biaswhich prevents said: mag: pearingjon the indieatingdeviceofla radar system after netron from oscillating after said main pulse. has been the mainpnlsejhas been removedffrorn.themagnetron. removed fromsaidpulse trans-tormen,

' .ih l e ha e howno r inventionlinhu one form, 40 it will heobviousstothosje 's 'l ledin thefiartthat.icti-v isnat References .Cited' in thefile ofthi's patent S0 m ltz vws nti v15$. t0 v rioasc anges an mo iv I se son without, departing, from the Spirit and; scope UNITED STATES PATENTS thereof, and; wedesire, therefore,,that only suchlimitaw Number Name Date, tionsshall be, placeddhereonas are specifically set forth 2,262,044 Philpott s,., a Nov. 11, 19,41 in the appended claims, 2,469,977 Morrison May 10; 19.49.

'W,'c aiml sourinv nt n 79,5 2 Bostwick ,Dec. 25, 195.1

1. In a magnetron. oscillator...system apulseformmg 

